Her seemingly legitimate concerns lend a great deal of dramatic tension to Batman’s seeming insanity, especially when he transforms into the Batman of Zur-En-Arrh (the aforementioned twisted version of himself).īut really, R.I.P.
#Hidden secrets the nightmare level 33 plus
Morrison teases the reader with the question – could anyone go through the events that Batman has gone through over the last 60 plus years and NOT go insane (that was one of the major twists in Morrison's run, the revelation that everything that had ever happened to Batman in the comics has actually occurred, even the outlandish stuff from the 1950s - it just did not necessarily actually occur to him in person, but rather some of it might have happened to him while he was testing himself in isolation)? That is the question posed to Batman by his girlfriend, Jezebel Jet, who becomes close enough to Bruce Wayne that he reveals his secrets to her and she, in turn, tells him of her concerns over his sanity.
Then Batman essentially goes insane, becoming a twisted form of himself…but is that REALLY what’s going on? Evil story, Final Crisis).īatman has been fighting against the criminal organization the Black Glove, but by the beginning of Batman RIP, the Black Glove has struck at Batman through various methods, some physical but mostly psychological, all designed to destroy Batman’s virtue (like arguing that Bruce Wayne's father was still alive and had, in fact, planned the murder of Martha Wayne). is the conclusion of Grant Morrison’s initial Batman run, and it basically is as straightforward of a “Good” versus “Evil” story as there is out there (which is particularly interesting seeing as how it came out concurrent with another major Good vs. “Batman R.I.P.” by Grant Morrison, Tony Daniel and Sandu Florea ( Batman #676-681) - 345 points (4 first place votes)īatman R.I.P. I added up all of the points and here we are!ģ2. You voted (over 1,000 ballots cast and a little bit more than the last time we did this countdown) and you all sent in ballots ranking your favorite storylines from #1 (10 points) to #10 (1 point). I find support for the argument based on statistical analysis of a global sample of countries from 1950 to 2000, an original data set of US nonproliferation sanctions episodes, and qualitative analysis of the South Korean and Taiwanese nuclear weapons programs.Today, we continue our countdown of your picks for the greatest comic book storylines of all-time with #32-29. The end result of this selection effect is that since the late 1970s, only insulated, inward-looking regimes have pursued nuclear weapons and become the target of imposed sanctions, thus rendering the observed success rate of nonproliferation sanctions low. Vulnerability is a function of a state's level of economic and security dependence on the United States-states with greater dependence have more to lose from US sanctions and are more likely to be sensitive to US-sponsored norms. The logic of the argument is simple: rational leaders assess the risk of sanctions before initiating a nuclear weapons program, which produces a selection effect whereby states highly vulnerable to sanctions are deterred from starting nuclear weapons programs in the first place, so long as the threat is credible. Since the late 1970s-when the United States made the threat of sanctions credible through congressional legislation and began regularly employing sanctions against proliferating states-sanctions have been ineffective in halting ongoing nuclear weapons programs, but they have succeeded in deterring states from starting nuclear weapons programs in the first place and have thus contributed to a decline in the rate of nuclear pursuit. Building on the rationalist literature on sanctions, this article argues that economic and political sanctions are a successful tool of nonproliferation policy, but that selection effects have rendered this success largely hidden.